中国专家的这项研究本身未涉及转基因食品问题,其实它对此有更大的价值。这项研究为我们打开了眼界,展现了一条认识新食品如转基因食品如何影响人类健康的新途径,这是我们完全没有意料到的。
This study had nothing to do with genetically modified (GM) food, but it could have implications on that front. The work shows a pathway by which new food products, such as GM foods, could influence human health in previously unanticipated ways.
在孟山都公司的官方网站上,有这样的宣告:“测试转基因食品对人类的安全性是完全没有必要、也没有意义的”。这是一个有利于商业的说法,它依据的基础是1960年前后的遗传学。它遵循的是被称为“中心法则”的遗传学,中心法则假说是这样的:是DNA在主导细胞;从DNA到细胞之间存在一种单方向运行的指令控制链。
Monsanto's website states, "There is no need for, or value in testing the safety of GM foods in humans." This viewpoint, while good for business, is built on an understanding of genetics circa 1960. It follows what's called the "Central Dogma" of genetics, which postulates a one-way chain of command between DNA and the cells DNA governs.
“中心法则”——这事很像我们在比萨饼店订购一个比萨饼的过程:在这里,DNA(脱氧核糖核酸Deoxyribonucleic acid的英文缩写)是指所要的比萨饼类型;下的那个订单叫RNA(核糖核酸 Ribonucleic acid英文缩写),订单指示厨师所定制的比萨饼有什么特点。随后烤好交货的比萨饼,就是DNA所编码合成的那个“蛋白质”。
The Central Dogma resembles the process of ordering a pizza. The DNA codes for the kind of pizza it wants, and orders it. The RNA is the order slip, which communicates the specifics of that pizza to the cook. The finished and delivered pizza is analogous to the protein that DNA codes for. |